Persistent pesticides: Accumulation, health risk assessment, management and remediation: An overview
Iqbal Ansari, Maha M. El‐Kady, Alaa El Din Mahmoud, Charu Arora, Aazad Verma, Ravikumar Rajarathinam, P. Singh, Dakeshwar Kumar Verma, Jyoti Mittal
Abstract
Pesticides are being employed for large-scale agricultural purposes, leading to global environmental issues. Organochlorine pesticides (dieldrin, DDT, and aldrin) are persistent due to their stable nature. Organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues present in various foodstuffs, blood serum, air, water, soil and sediments have generated a global surge due to their severe health as well as environmental ill effects. It pollutes air, soil, water resources and gets transferred into the tropic level through food chains and food webs. Studies reveal that incecticides (pesticides) may harm pulmonary, fertility, circulatory, neuronal, hormonal and endocrine functions leading to severe health ailments. In the present article, the fate of persistent pesticides in different ecosystems has been reviewed. Challenges and policies of pest management have been critically discussed.