A novel lead‐free relaxor with endotaxial nanostructures for capacitive energy storage
Xiaoyan Dong, Tengfei Hu, Xiaojun Wu, Jie Yin, Zhengqian Fu, Jiagang Wu
Abstract
Abstract Dielectric capacitors with a fast charging/discharging rate, high power density, and long‐term stability are essential components in modern electrical devices. However, miniaturizing and integrating capacitors face a persistent challenge in improving their energy density ( W rec ) to satisfy the specifications of advanced electronic systems and applications. In this work, leveraging phase‐field simulations, we judiciously designed a novel lead‐free relaxor ferroelectric material for enhanced energy storage performance, featuring flexible distributed weakly polar endotaxial nanostructures (ENs) embedded within a strongly polar fluctuation matrix. The matrix contributes to substantially enhanced polarization under an external electric field, and the randomly dispersed ENs effectively optimize breakdown phase proportion and provide a strong restoring force, which are advantageous in bolstering breakdown strength and minimizing hysteresis. Remarkably, this relaxor ferroelectric system incorporating ENs achieves an exceptionally high W rec value of 10.3 J/cm 3 , accompanied by a large energy storage efficiency ( η ) of 85.4%. This work introduces a promising avenue for designing new relaxor materials capable of capacitive energy storage with exceptional performance characteristics.