Early detection of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity
Weimin Feng, Qingchen Wang, Yuan Tan, Jiao Qiao, Qi Liu, Boxin Yang, Shuo Yang, Yan Cui
Abstract
• We have introduced the various mechanisms by which anthracyclines induce cardiotoxicity, with a particular focus on the role of autophagy in this process. • This review has summarized recent studies on the early detection of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. • We have also evaluated the effectiveness and potential applications of various biomarkers, laying the foundation for the clinical use of anthracyclines and the early detection of cardiotoxicity. Although anthracyclines are important anticancer agents, their use is limited due to various adverse effects, particularly cardiac toxicity. Mechanisms underlying anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) are complex. Given the irreplaceable role of anthracyclines in treatment of malignancies and other serious diseases, early monitoring of AIC is paramount. In recent years, multiple studies have investigated various biomarkers for early detection of AIC. Currently, the two most common are cardiac troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide. In addition, a range of other molecules, including RNAs, myeloperoxidase (MPO), C-reactive protein (CRP), various genes, and others, also play roles in AIC prediction. Unfortunately, current research indicates a need to validate their sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers especially in large study populations. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms and potential biomarkers of AIC, although some remain preliminary.