Effects of Low-Concentration Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots on Improving the Proliferation and Differentiation Ability of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Duoling Xu, Chao Wang, Jie Wu, Yuan-Xiang Fu, Shujun Li, Wentao Hou, Ling Lin, Pei Li, Dongsheng Yu, Wei Zhao
Abstract
. The results showed that low-concentration GOQDs (0.1 and 1 μg/mL) promoted the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. Compared with the 1 μg/mL GOQD group, the 0.1 μg/mL GOQD group had better ability to promote the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. HE and VG staining results showed the greatest proportion of new bone area on sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched (SLA)/GOQD scaffolds. Furthermore, the ratio of active β-catenin and the phosphorylation level of GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) increased after BMSCs treatment with 0.1 μg/mL GOQDs. Low concentrations of GOQDs improved the osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.