Does vitamin D supplementation improve bone health, body composition and physical performance beyond endurance exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial
Xiaomin Sun, Wenjuan Xiao, Zhongying Li, Sirui Zhou, Mengyue Dong, Cong Huang, Yan Ma, Bo Gou
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of a 12-week vitamin D and endurance exercise intervention on bone health, body composition and physical performance among patients with type 2 diabetes. Totally, 61 patients were randomly assigned to vitamin D (VDG), exercise (EG), vitamin D and exercise intervention (VEG), and control (CG) groups. Bone health (bone mineral density, BMD; bone mineral content, BMC), body composition and physical performance were measured before and after the intervention. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess bone health and body composition. There were no additive effects of vitamin D beyond exercise were observed. Vitamin D supplementation had significant effects on maintaining bone health compared with their counterpart Total (BMC, EG + CG: 2,719.9 ± 70.0 vs. 2,670.1 ± 65.6; VDG + VEG: 2,610.9 ± 88.2 vs. 2,605.3 ± 84.8; trunk BMC, 870.2 ± 26.8 vs. 836.3 ± 23.7; 824.8 ± 29.5 vs. 822.1 ± 27.8; spine BMD, 1.15 ± 0.03 vs. 1.11 ± 0.02; 1.09 ± 0.03 vs. 1.09 ± 0.02) were observed. Exercise had a main effect on the reduction of total and trunk BF%. Patients in EG had a decreased BMC, while it was alleviated in VEG after intervention. Although no additive effect of vitamin D supplementation beyond exercise training, the supplementation had a potential effect on the prevention of bone loss induced by exercise only.