Microencapsulation of Pigments by Directly Spray-Drying of Anthocyanins Extracts from Blueberry Pomace: Chemical Characterization and Extraction Modeling
Yushuang Lu, Xianrui Liang, Li-Shuang Cheng, Sheng Fang
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to develop an environmentally friendly process to extract anthocyanins from blueberry pomace using water as a solvent and directly microencapsulate anthocyanins by spray drying. The anthocyanins in water and ethanol extracts were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The malvidin-3-O-galactoside and malvidin-3-O-glucoside were identified as the main anthocyanins in the blueberry pomace. The anthocyanins profiles of water extracts were similar to that by ethanol extraction. The effects of extraction parameters including solid-to-liquid ratio and temperature on the extraction efficiency and anthocyanins concentration were studied. The blueberry anthocyanins degraded at temperatures higher than 60 °C and all anthocyanins showed similar degradation tendency. The result showed that the artificial neural network (ANN) modeling could be well used to portray the effects of these parameters. Finally, the water extracts were successfully spray dried to produce microencapsulation of blueberry anthocyanins with maltodextrin (MD) as wall materials.