Catalyzing Generation and Stabilization of Oxygen Vacancies on CeO <sub>2−x</sub> Nanorods by Pt Nanoclusters as Nanozymes for Catalytic Therapy
Jiankang Zhang, Yu Yang, Fengmin Qin, Tingting Hu, Xinshuo Zhao, Shichao Zhao, Yueqiang Cao, Zhe Gao, Zhan Zhou, Ruizheng Liang, Chaoliang Tan, Yong Qin
Abstract
Abstract Although CeO 2 nanomaterials have been widely explored as nanozymes for catalytic therapy, they still suffer from relatively low activities. Herein, the catalyzing generation and stabilization of oxygen vacancies on CeO 2 nanorods by Pt nanoclusters via H 2 gas reduction under mild temperature (350 °C) to obtain Pt/CeO 2− x , which can serve as a highly efficient nanozyme for catalytic cancer therapy, is reported. The deposited Pt on CeO 2 by the atomic layer deposition technique not only can serve as the catalyst to generate oxygen vacancies under mild temperature reduction through the hydrogen spillover effect, but also can stabilize the generated oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, the oxygen vacancies also provide anchoring sites for Pt forming strong metal‐support interactions and thus preventing their agglomerations. Importantly, the Pt/CeO 2− x reduced at 350 °C (Pt/CeO 2− x ‐350R) exhibits excellent enzyme‐mimicking catalytic activity for generation of reactive oxygen species (e.g., ·OH) as compared to other control samples, including CeO 2 , Pt/CeO 2 , and Pt/CeO 2− x reduced at other temperatures, thus achieving excellent performance for tumor‐specific catalytic therapy to efficiently eliminate cancer cells in vitro and ablate tumors in vivo. The excellent enzyme‐mimicking catalytic activity of Pt/CeO 2− x ‐350R originates from the good catalytic activities of oxygen vacancy‐rich CeO 2− x and Pt nanoclusters.