Direct Laser Writing of the Porous Graphene Foam for Multiplexed Electrochemical Sweat Sensors
Li Yang, He Wang, Abu Musa Abdullah, Chuizhou Meng, Xue Chen, Anqi Feng, Huanyu Cheng
Abstract
Wearable electrochemical sensors provide means to detect molecular-level information from the biochemical markers in biofluids for physiological health evaluation. However, a high-density array is often required for multiplexed detection of multiple markers in complex biofluids, which is challenging with low-cost fabrication methods. This work reports the low-cost direct laser writing of porous graphene foam as a flexible electrochemical sensor to detect biomarkers and electrolytes in sweat. The resulting electrochemical sensor exhibits high sensitivity and low limit of detection for various biomarkers (e.g., the sensitivity of 6.49/6.87/0.94/0.16 μA μM –1 cm –2 and detection limit of 0.28/0.26/1.43/11.3 μM to uric acid/dopamine/tyrosine/ascorbic acid) in sweat. The results from this work open up opportunities for noninvasive continuous monitoring of gout, hydration status, and drug intake/overdose.