HIV-1 Vpu Downregulates Tim-3 from the Surface of Infected CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cells
Jérémie Prévost, Cassandra R. Edgar, Jonathan Richard, Steven M. Trothen, Rajesh Abraham Jacob, Mitchell J. Mumby, Suzanne Pickering, Mathieu Dubé, Daniel E. Kaufmann, Frank Kirchhoff, Stuart J. D. Neil, Andrés Finzi, Jimmy D. Dikeakos
Abstract
HIV infection modulates the surface expression of Tim-3, but the molecular determinants remain poorly understood. Here, we show that HIV-1 Vpu downregulates Tim-3 from the surface of infected primary CD4 + T cells through its transmembrane domain and alters its subcellular localization. Tim-3 blockade increases HIV-1 replication, suggesting a potential negative role of this protein in viral spread that is counteracted by Vpu.
Topics & Concepts
BiologyTransmembrane proteinViral replicationVirologyTransmembrane domainSubcellular localizationCell biologyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Surface proteinMolecular biologyVirusGeneticsReceptorCytoplasmGalectins and Cancer BiologyHIV Research and TreatmentCancer Mechanisms and Therapy