Role of nitrogen (N) in plant growth, photosynthesis pigments, and N use efficiency: A review
Amin Fathi
Abstract
<strong>Context:</strong> N is the vital element for the growth and development of plants out of all the required nutritious compounds. This element plays a key role in most plant metabolic processes. <strong>Objective:</strong> To review the literature related to the role of nitrogen in growth, yields, levels of chlorophyll pigments and efficiency in the use of nitrogen is carried out. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this article, an attempt has been made to provide a comprehensive review of nitrogen status in agriculture. Also, since nitrogen is the most used element by farmers, this research seeks to know its effects and impact on Nitrogen Use efficiency. <strong>Results:</strong> N deficiency affects plant growth, photosynthesis, and ultimately production. However, excessive N consumption reduces the quality of the product. Furthermore, N is one of the main components of chlorophyll structure in the plant. Chlorophyll content and N content in plants are closely related. Chlorophyll content plays a vital role in determining the plant's rate of photosynthesis and production. Leaf N content increases when N fertilizer is applied. Higher N content in leaves is associated with higher chlorophyll content and increased chloroplast activity and thus increased photosynthetic productivity. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is possible to reduce environmental pollution and increase productivity by understanding management methods that increase Nitrogen Use efficiency (NUE).