2D@0D Multidimensional Nanoparticles for Improving the Fire Safety of Epoxy Resin
Xiaolu Pu, Xi Luo, Jiahui Chen, Shao‐Dong Xu, Song Gu, Yu‐Zhong Wang, Li Chen
Abstract
2D@0D multidimensional nanoparticles (WC@TDP) were first prepared by decorating WS2 2D nanosheets (WC) with titanium diphenylphosphonate (TDP) 0D nanoparticles, which were derived from the hybridization of diphenylphosphinic acid and TiO2. The chemical structure and micromorphology of the modified 2D nanosheet were confirmed, and TDP nanoparticles were tightly attached to the exfoliated WC nanosheets through noncovalent interactions. Afterward, WC@TDP was incorporated into the epoxy resin (EP), showing the improved dispersion and distribution in the thermosetting matrix. Because TDP exhibits catalytic charring activity and WC acts as a physical barrier, such EP/WC@TDP nanocomposites exhibited the enhanced fire safety, including flame retardation and smoke suppression during burning. The composite containing 8 wt % WC@TDP passed UL94 V-0 rating with a limiting oxygen index increased from 26.0 to 34.0 vol %. Compared with those of neat EP, the peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, and total smoke release of EP/8WC@TDP were reduced by 42%, 17%, and 38%, respectively, without sacrificing the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.