Relations between recurrence risk perceptions and fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors
Jet W. Ankersmid, F.K. Lansink Rotgerink, Luc J. A. Strobbe, Cornelia F. van Uden‐Kraan, Sabine Siesling, Constance H.C. Drossaert
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to: (1) determine the accuracy of Dutch breast cancer survivors' estimations of the locoregional recurrence risk (LRR); (2) examine which variables influence (the accuracy of) risk estimations, and risk appraisals; and (3) investigate the influence of the objective LRR risk (estimated using the INFLUENCE-nomogram), risk estimations and risk appraisals on fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). Findings of this study will inform clinicians on risk communication and can improve communication about FCR. METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey among 258 breast cancer survivors, women's recurrence risk estimations (in odds) and risk appraisals (in high/low), FCR, demographics and illness perceptions, about one year after surgery were measured and compared to the objective risk for LRRs estimated using the INFLUENCE-nomogram. RESULTS: Half of the women (54%) accurately estimated their LRR risk, 34% underestimated and 13% overestimated their risk. Risk estimations and risk appraisals were only moderately positively correlated (r = 0.58). Higher risk appraisals were associated with radiotherapy (r = 0.18) and having weaker cure beliefs (r = - 0.19). Younger age was associated with overestimation of risk (r = - 0.23). Recurrence risk estimations and risk appraisals were associated with more FCR (r = 0.29, r = 0.39). In regression, only risk appraisal contributed significantly to FCR. CONCLUSION: Although women were fairly accurate in recurrence risk estimations, it remains difficult to predict over- or underestimation. Recurrence risk estimations and risk appraisal are two different concepts which are both associated with FCR and should therefore be addressed in patient-provider communication.