Genetic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology: Keys to Unlocking the Chains of Phage Therapy
Sixuan Lv, Yuhan Wang, Kaixin Jiang, Xinge Guo, Jing Zhang, Fang Zhou, Qi Ming Li, Yuan Jiang, Changyong Yang, Tieshan Teng
Abstract
Phages possess the ability to selectively eliminate pathogenic bacteria by recognizing bacterial surface receptors. Since their discovery, phages have been recognized for their potent bactericidal properties, making them a promising alternative to antibiotics in the context of rising antibiotic resistance. However, the rapid emergence of phage-resistant strains (generally involving temperature phage) and the limited host range of most phage strains have hindered their antibacterial efficacy, impeding their full potential. In recent years, advancements in genetic engineering and biosynthesis technology have facilitated the precise engineering of phages, thereby unleashing their potential as a novel source of antibacterial agents. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the diverse strategies employed for phage genetic engineering, as well as discuss their benefits and drawbacks in terms of bactericidal effect.