Anticancer Effect of Solid-Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Mentha longifolia and Mentha pulegium Essential Oils: In Vitro Study on Human Melanoma and Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Hamidreza Kelidari, Hiva Alipanah, Ghazaal Roozitalab, Maryam Ebrahimi, Mahmoud Osanloo, B Radecka, M Litwiniuk, S Pavri, J Clune, S Ariyan, D Narayan, R Ossio, R Roldan-Marin, H Martinez-Said, D Adams, C Robles-Espinoza, C Rozzo, D Sanna, E Garribba, M Serra, A Cantara, G Palmieri, M Pisano, D Massi, D Brusa, B Merelli, M Ciano, V Audrito, S Serra, R Buonincontri, G Baroni, R Nassini, D Minocci, D Maksimovi-Ivani, M Bulatovi, D Edeler, C Bensing, I Goli, A Kora, G Kaluerovi, Abd El-Aziz, A Al-Othman, M Mahmoud, M Shehata, S Abdelazim, N, Coma, A Cimpean, M Raica, R Jnicke, W Wang, W Porter, R Burghardt, S Safe, V Androutsopoulos, R Arroo, J Hall, S Surichan, G Potter, M Osanloo, G Ghaznavi, A Abdollahi, M Elmastas, S Celik, N Genc, H Aksit, R Erenler, Gulcin, J Villaverde, P Sandn-Espaa, B Sevilla-Morn, C Lpez-Goti, J Alonso-Prados, I Gulcin, R Kaya, A Goren, H Akincioglu, M Topal, Z Bingol, K Cetin akmak, S Ozturk Sarikaya, L Durmaz, S Alwasel, X Bai, A Aimila, N Aidarhan, X Duan, M Maiwulanjiang, A Jafari-Sales, P Hossein-Nezhad, P Bolouri, P Mikaili, S Mojaverrostami, M Moloudizargari, S Aghajanshakeri, M Hadi, I Hameed, I Ibraheam, Mentha, M Mahboubi
Abstract
Breast cancer and melanoma are common cancers with several treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and their side effects. Therefore, new drugs using plant-derived substances (especially essential oils) have received more attention in recent years; however, they are generally less effective than synthetic drugs. Therefore, the preparation of essential oil-based nanoformulations is considered a promising approach to improving their efficiency. In this study, ingredients of Mentha longifolia and Mentha pulegium essential oils were first identified by GC-MS analysis. Their anticancer effects were then evaluated against one melanoma cell line (A-375) and two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7). The cytotoxic effect of the essential oil on all cell lines at even the highest concentration, 1200 µg/mL, was not proper (viability > 55%). After that, solid lipid nanoparticles containing each essential oil with particle sizes of 107 ± 9 (PDI 0.274) and 191 ± 8 (PDI 0.174) nm and zeta potential -7.10 and -4.81 mV were prepared. Interestingly, both prepared nanoformulations reduced the viability of all three cell lines to around 10% at half the mentioned concentration, 600 µg/mL. Thus, the prepared nanoformulations could be introduced as proper candidates for investigation in-vivo research and supplementary medicine.