Extraction, functionality, and applications of Chlorella pyrenoidosa protein/peptide
Qiming Wu, Yuchen Ma, Lanxin Zhang, Jing Han, Yanan Lei, Yi Le, Caoxing Huang, Juntao Kan, Caili Fu
Abstract
Chlorella pyrenoidosa ( C. pyrenoidosa ) has been widely used in commercial food and feed production for numerous years. Its high protein content and cost-effectiveness make it an attractive source of novel protein. With a focus on sustainable development and the search for green natural products, current research is dedicated to maximizing the utilization of C. pyrenoidosa protein (CPP) and peptide. Various techniques, such as the use of ionic liquids, freeze–thawing, ultrasonication, enzyme digest, microwaving are employed in the extraction of CPP. The extracted CPP has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and bacteriostatic properties. It can also stimulate immune regulation, prevent cardiovascular disease, protect red blood cells, and even be used in wastewater treatment. Furthermore, CPP has shown some potential in combating obesity. Additionally, CPP is being explored in three-dimensional (3D) printing applications, particularly for the creation of biological scaffolds. It is also anticipated to play a role in 3D food printing. This review aimed to supply a comprehensive summary of CPP and C. pyrenoidosa peptide extraction methods, their functions, and practical applications in various industries. By doing so, it seeks to underpin subsequent research efforts, highlight current research limitations, and identify future research directions in this field. • Compare the advantages and disadvantages of various CPP extraction methods. • Summarize the functions and practical applications of CPP/peptides. • Creatively pointing out the application prospects of combining CPP with probiotics. • Innovatively proposed the application of CPP in 3D printing technology. • Identify the current deficiencies and provide prospective for future research.