One-Pot Synthesis of Indoles and Pyrazoles via Pd-Catalyzed Couplings/Cyclizations Enabled by Aqueous Micellar Catalysis
Evan B. Landstrom, Nnamdi Akporji, Nicholas R. Lee, Christopher M. Gabriel, Felipe C. Braga, Bruce H. Lipshutz
Abstract
An effective one-pot synthesis of either indoles or pyrazoles can be achieved via Pd-catalyzed aminations followed by subsequent cyclizations facilitated by aqueous micellar catalysis. This new technology includes efficient couplings with low loadings of palladium, a more stable source of the required hydrazine moiety, greater atom economy for the initial coupling, and reduced reaction temperatures, all leading to environmentally responsible processes.
Topics & Concepts
ChemistryCatalysisMoietyAtom economyAqueous solutionHydrazine (antidepressant)PalladiumCombinatorial chemistryOrganic chemistryChromatographyCatalytic C–H Functionalization MethodsCatalytic Cross-Coupling ReactionsNanomaterials for catalytic reactions