Immunotherapy of Equine Sarcoids—From Early Approaches to Innovative Vaccines
Christoph Jindra, Edmund K. Hainisch, Sabine Brandt
Abstract
Horses and other equid species are frequently affected by bovine papillomavirus type 1 and/or 2 (BPV1, BPV2)-induced skin tumors termed sarcoids. Although sarcoids do not metastasize, they constitute a serious health problem due to their BPV1/2-mediated resistance to treatment and propensity to recrudesce in a more severe, multiple form following accidental or iatrogenic trauma. This review provides an overview on BPV1/2 infection and associated immune escape in the equid host and presents early and recent immunotherapeutic approaches in sarcoid management.
Topics & Concepts
ImmunotherapyMedicineAccidentalImmune systemBovine papillomavirusImmunologyBiologyGenomeGeneBiochemistryAcousticsPhysicsVeterinary Oncology ResearchVirus-based gene therapy researchMicrobial infections and disease research