Integrating active and passive solar strategies in modular residential positive energy building in semi-arid climates: Insights from the TDART project
Aicha Chorak, Mustapha Mahdaoui, M.A. Ben Taher, Samir Idrissi Kaitouni, Ayoub Afass, Mustapha Ouardouz, Mohammed Ahachad
Abstract
The recent push for decarbonization in the construction sector aligns with Morocco’s national energy strategy, which promotes innovative and carbon-neutral buildings. The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of an energy-efficient residential building, the TDART house, which integrates active and passive solar systems along with bioclimatic design to achieve a net-positive energy balance in a semi- arid climate. Using EnergyPlus and Dialux Evo software, the house’s energy performance across lighting, heating, cooling, and hygrothermal behavior was evaluated. Key strategies include a cool roof, optimized orientation, and natural ventilation (NV), resulting in significant annual energy savings, with insulation reducing heating and cooling demands by 40.28 % and 29.79 %, respectively. Experimental performance assessments demonstrated excellent hygrothermal comfort, keeping temperature and humidity within optimal ranges for 99 % and 70 % of the time. The energy-efficient LED lighting system provides high-quality interior lighting, with an average level of 450 lux. During the testing period, the building produced 304.45 kWh of solar energy while consuming 180.74 kWh, leading to a net-positive energy balance of 123.7 kWh. Occupant satisfaction analysis confirmed the building’s comfort and performance, reinforcing the study’s reliability. These findings highlight the TDART house’s potential as a practical, scalable solution for energy-efficient housing in North Africa’s hot climates, offering a replicable model for sustainable construction. By showcasing the TDART house as an innovative, net-positive energy prototype, this study supports Morocco’s sustainable housing initiatives and provides valuable insights for promoting green building practices across comparable climates.