Psychosocial Impact of Demodex Blepharitis

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of Demodex blepharitis on patients’ daily activities and quality of life. Patients and Methods: In this multicenter, observational, prospective, IRB-approved study, 311 Demodex blepharitis patients aged ≥ 18 years were included. Demodex blepharitis was diagnosed based on the presence of ≥ 1.0 mite per lash (upper and lower eyelids combined), > 10 collarettes on the upper lashes, and at least mild lid margin erythema of the upper eyelid in at least one eye. All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire about their symptoms, daily activities, quality of life, and management approaches, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the responses. Results: More than half the patients had been experiencing symptoms of blepharitis for ≥ 4 years. The three most frequent and bothersome symptoms experienced by patients were dry eyes, itchiness, and irritation. Nearly half the patients (47%) responded that they were conscious of their eyes all day, and 23% said that they were constantly worrying about their eyes. Other activities that were negatively affected included difficulty driving at night (47%), additional time needed for daily hygiene routine (30%), and difficulty in wearing eye make-up (in 34% of females). While all subjects had objective signs of Demodex blepharitis confirmed by an eye care provider, 58% said they had never previously been diagnosed with blepharitis. The most commonly used management approaches for Demodex blepharitis were artificial tears (47%), warm compresses (32%), and lid wipes (14%). Conclusion: Demodex blepharitis has a significant negative impact on daily activities and the mental and physical well-being of afflicted patients. Keywords: Demodex blepharitis, dry eye disease, collarettes, cylindrical dandruff, Demodex mites, lid margin disease

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