Center vortex structure in the presence of dynamical fermions
James C. Biddle, Waseem Kamleh, Derek B. Leinweber
Abstract
An analysis of the geometry and structure of center vortices in the presence of dynamical fermions is performed. A variety of metrics are used to measure the matrix structure of the vortex-modified gauge fields. Visualizations of center vortices are presented and percolating clusters are identified. The size of secondary vortex clusters is analyzed, with substantial differences observed between the pure Yang-Mills and dynamical fermion case. Vortex fields are represented as directed graphs, with branching points acting as the vertices. This representation leads to a novel picture of vortex branching as a binomial process. These results elucidate the change in the center vortex vacuum induced by the introduction of dynamical fermions.