Efficacy of persulfate-based advanced oxidation process (US/PS/Fe3O4) for ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous solutions
Shahin Ahmadi, Christian Osagie, Somayeh Rahdar, Nadeem A. Khan, Sirajuddin Ahmed, Hamideh Hajini
Abstract
Abstract Research evidence has shown that pollution of surface and underground waters is the leading sources of environmental and health-related problems. Disposed unused therapeutic drugs have been known to contaminate underground water and also offer drug resistance to infection-causing bacterial. This research seeks to evaluate the use of US/PS/Fe 3 O 4 for the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP-F) from aqueous solutions. The research also seeks to obtain the optimum set of conditions about which the highest removal efficiency of CIP-F is obtained by monitoring the used pH, Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) concentration, PS concentration, CIP-F concentration, and contact time. The analysis was done using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer (Cecil model CE102) set at 280 nm. The result shows that a 98.43% removal efficiency is achievable after optimization if the separation parameters were set to the optimum conditions (pH = 5, CIP-F concentration = 200 mg/L, PS concentration = 0.15 mol/L, Fe 3 O 4 concentration = 0.01 g/L and contact time = 45 min). The reaction was also observed to follow the pseudo-first-order reaction model. Since the results obtained show that US/PS/Fe 3 O 4 can effectively and efficiently aid the surface adsorption of CIP-F from aqueous solutions, it is therefore recommended based on experimental findings that US/PS/Fe 3 O 4 be used for removing CIP-F from effluents.