Sucrose‐Based Dense, Pure, and Highly‐Crystalline Graphitic Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Karolina Jurkiewicz, B. Liszka, Paweł Gancarz, Szymon Smykała, Dorota Zygadło, Patryk Nokielski, Taoufik Lamrani, E. Talik, R. Wrzalik, Mariusz Walkowiak, Ján Ilavský
Abstract
Abstract At present, most synthetic graphite materials commonly used as anode active ingredients in lithium‐ion cells are produced by graphitization of petroleum cokes. The carbon footprint associated with synthetic graphite production is significant. Thus, bio‐derived and cheap precursors, such as saccharides, would be an attractive alternative for the sustainable production of graphitic carbons. However, they are non‐graphitizing at temperatures as high as 3000 °C, preserving the curved, fullerene‐like structure of graphene layers and microporosity. Consequently, many lithium ions are consumed during the formation of solid electrolyte interphase films and passivated in the nanovoids. Here, a method for the production of pure, crystalline, graphitic materials based on sucrose disposed of microporosity is presented, which also works with a variety of saccharides and other organic precursors of hard carbons—generally considered incapable of such transformation. This process employs catalytic graphitization by Si particles at high temperatures. The electrochemical response of such derived sucrose‐based graphite in Li‐ion half‐cells demonstrated its feasibility to serve as an anode active material for rechargeable Li‐ion batteries.