Platelet-Inspired Nanotherapeutics for Biomedical Applications
Fujun Yang, Zhiqiang Kong, Qingyu Ji, Shumeng Li, Jin Sun, Zhonggui He, Shenwu Zhang, Cong Luo
Abstract
Platelets, as abundant corpuscles in the blood, are extensively involved in normal physiological processes and disease occurrence. Recently, remarkable progress in platelet-based nanotherapeutics has been made, especially with the burgeoning fields of biotechnology and nanomedicine. Herein, we aim to provide an overview on platelet-inspired nanotherapeutics for biomedical applications. First, the recent trends of biomimetic platelet-inspired nanotherapeutics are outlined, mainly including platelet membrane-camouflaged nanosystems, platelets loading with nanoparticles and platelet-mimicking nanocarriers. Then, the emerging nanotherapeutics for functional modulation of platelet aggregation, activation, and inhibition are discussed. Subsequently, platelet derivative-based nanotherapeutics are presented, including platelet extracellular vesicles and platelet polyphosphates. Finally, the clinical application prospects of these emerging nanotherapeutics are highlighted, with particular emphasis on their rationale, advantages, and challenges.