Multiple slow relaxation of magnetization in Dy<sup>3+</sup> confined in the crystal matrix of rare-earth-calcium silicates with the apatite structure
Pavel E. Kazin, Mikhail A. Zykin, Lev A. Trusov, Alexander V. Vasiliev, Reinhard K. Kremer, Robert E. Dinnebier, Martin Jansen
Abstract
Apatite-type silicates Y7.75Dy0.25Ca2(SiO4)6O2 and Dy8Ca2(SiO4)6O2 were prepared by high-temperature solid state synthesis. In the crystal lattice, Dy3+ partially substitutes Ca2+, preferably at the 6h Ca2-site, and forms a short bond of 2.2 Å with the intra-channel O2-. The imposed strong ligand field anisotropy provides large magnetic anisotropy, which manifests itself as slow relaxation of magnetization at low temperatures. The magnetic dynamics is characterized by three or two characteristic values of relaxation time, respectively, which may be attributed to a single Dy3+ center. A phenomenological model is proposed which explains this response in terms of single paramagnetic center multiple relaxation.