Development of prognostic signature based on immune-related genes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: bioinformatics analysis of TCGA database
Kun Jin, Shi Qiu, Di Jin, Xianghong Zhou, Xiaonan Zheng, Jiakun Li, Xinyang Liao, Lu Yang, Qiang Wei
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with high tumor stages accounts for most bladder cancer patient mortality. Platinum-based chemotherapy provides insufficient survival benefits; however, immunotherapy is a promising option for MIBC. RESULTS: < 0.001). Furthermore, immune cell infiltration analysis showed increased tumor infiltration of macrophages in the high-risk group. CONCLUSION: This novel prognostic signature can effectively divide MIBC patients into different risk groups, allowing for intensive treatment of high-risk individuals who have worse predicted survival outcomes. METHODS: Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes and survival-associated immune-related genes (IRGs) were analyzed through a computational algorithm and Cox regression. The potential mechanisms of IRG expression were explored with transcription factors, and a prognosis classification based on IRG expression was developed to stratify patients into distinct risk groups.