Vibriosis in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Basilua André Muzembo, Kei Kitahara, Ayumu Ohno, Januka Khatiwada, Shanta Dutta, Shin‐ichi Miyoshi
Abstract
BackgroundSouth Asia remains home to foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio species. We aimed to compile and update information on the epidemiology of vibriosis in South Asia.MethodsFor this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar for studies related to vibriosis in South Asia published up to May 2023. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled isolation rate of non-cholera-causing Vibrio species.ResultsIn total 38 studies were included. Seven of these were case reports and 22 were included in the meta-analysis. Reported vibriosis cases were caused by non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. fluvialis, and V. vulnificus. The overall pooled isolation rate was 4.0% (95% CI: 3.0–5.0%) in patients with diarrhea. Heterogeneity was high (I2= 98.0%). The isolation rate of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. fluvialis were 9.0 (95% CI: 7.0–10.0%), 1.0 (95% CI: 1.0–2.0%), and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.0–3.0%), respectively. Regarding V. parahaemolyticus, O3:K6 was the most frequently isolated serotype. Cases peaked during summer. Several studies reported antibiotic-resistant strains and those harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases genes.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a high burden of infections caused by non-cholera-causing Vibrio species in South Asia.