Efficient extraction and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Antrodia cinnamomea
JianZhi Chu, Yongfei Ming, Qi Cui, Na Zheng, Shude Yang, WeiHuan Li, Hongwei Gao, Rui Zhang, Xianhao Cheng
Abstract
Abstract Background Antrodia cinnamomea , a rare medicinal fungus, has been increasingly studied in recent years because of its abundant secondary metabolites which are beneficial to humans. However, there is a lack of research on its polyphenols which are of good research value due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and other activities. Results In this study, the effects of different extraction conditions on the yield of its polyphenols were investigated. Deep-Eutectic Solvents composed of choline chloride and malonic acid had the best extraction efficiency, with the optimal extraction conditions being as follows: a solid–liquid ratio of 40 mg/mL, an extraction temperature of 55 °C, an extraction time of 70 min and a DES with 20% water content. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of polyphenols reached 22.09 mg/g which was about 2 times that of alcohol-based extraction (10.95 mg/g). In vitro antioxidant test results further showed that polyphenols from A. cinnamomea had strong antioxidant activities. When the concentration of polyphenols reached 0.1 mg/mL of polyphenols, the scavenging activity of free radical basically reached its maximum, with values of 94.10%, 83.34% and 95.42% for DPPH, ABTS + and ·OH scavenging. In this case, the corresponding IC 50 values were 0.01, 0.014 and 0.007 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusions This study lays the foundation for the efficient extraction and application of polyphenols from A. cinnamomea.