Adsorption of methyl red from aqueous solution using Bali cow bones (Bos javanicus domesticus) hydrochar powder
Yantus A.B. Neolaka, Yosep Lawa, Johnson N. Naat, Arvinda C. Lalang, Bernadeta Ayu Widyaningrum, Gilbertus F. Ngasu, Krisanti A. Niga, Handoko Darmokoesoemo, Munawar Iqbal, Heri Septya Kusuma
Abstract
Beef consumption produces a lot of bone waste. Here, We prepared Bali cow bones-based hydrochar material (BCBHP) using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. The resulting BCBHP material was then characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, and BET-BJH. Next, the BCBHP was applied to adsorb methyl red in water samples. Adsorption was carried out using a bath system. Adsorption of methyl red persisted optimum for 30 min at pH 6 at 303.15 K, with a capacity of 7.2 mg g−1. The Zeta potential of BCBHP is −24.4 mV suggesting a higher electrostatic attraction between methyl red dye and BCBHP surface. Methyl red adsorption fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Adsorption of Methyl red dye on BCBHP follows the Freundlich isotherm model and is well described by a heterolayer adsorption pattern. Thermodynamic studies show that adsorption processes are spontaneous, exothermic, and chemisorption reactions. Moreover, BCBHP has an excellent reusability performance that could be used as a promising adsorbent for dye removal in wastewater treatment.