Palladium Nanoparticles on Chitosan-Coated Superparamagnetic Manganese Ferrite: A Biocompatible Heterogeneous Catalyst for Nitroarene Reduction and Allyl Carbamate Deprotection
Mona Ebadi, N. Asikin-Mijan, Mohd Suzeren Md Jamil, Anwar Iqbal, Emad͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏͏ Yousif, Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain, Tengku Hasnan Tengku Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Rahimi Yusop
Abstract
Although metallic nanocatalysts such as palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) are known to possess higher catalytic activity due to their large surface-to-volume ratio, however, in nanosize greatly reducing their activity due to aggregation. To overcome this challenge, superparamagnetic chitosan-coated manganese ferrite was successfully prepared and used as a support for the immobilization of palladium nanoparticles to overcome the above-mentioned challenge. The Pd-Chit@MnFe2O4 catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity in 4-nitrophenol and 4-nitroaniline reductions, with respective turnover frequencies of 357.1 min−1 and 571.4 min−1, respectively. The catalyst can also be recovered easily by magnetic separation after each reaction. Additionally, the Pd-Chit@MnFe2O4 catalyst performed well in the reductive deprotection of allyl carbamate. Coating the catalyst with chitosan reduced the Pd leaching and its cytotoxicity. Therefore, the catalytic activity of Pd-Chit@MnFe2O4 was proven to be unrestricted in biology conditions.