Transition-Metal-Free Cross-Coupling Reaction of Iodocarboranes with Terminal Alkynes Enabled by UV Light: Synthesis of 1-Alkynyl-<i>o</i>-Carboranes and Carborane-Fused Cyclics
Hangcheng Ni, Zhenpin Lu, Zuowei Xie
Abstract
A transition-metal-free coupling protocol between iodocarboranes and terminal alkynes enabled by light at room temperature has been developed, leading to the synthesis of a variety of 1-alkynyl-o-carboranes. Moreover, following this strategy, the introduction of 1-I-3-aryl-o-carboranes or 1-I-2-aryl-o-carboranes results in the formation of o-carborane-fused cyclics. Interestingly, when 1-I-3-(p-R-C6H4)-o-carboranes are chosen as coupling partners, unexpected R-group migration products are also isolated. On the basis of the results of control experiments and isolation of the key intermediates, a possible reaction mechanism is then proposed, involving the formation of spiro radical species.
Topics & Concepts
ChemistryCarboraneArylTransition metalCoupling reactionAlkyneMetalRadicalPhotochemistryStereochemistryMedicinal chemistryCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisOrganic chemistryAlkylBoron Compounds in ChemistryOrganoboron and organosilicon chemistryAnesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research