On-demand automated bus services: Opportunities and challenges

Abstract

The on-demand automated bus (OAB) is a flexible, passenger-centric mobility service that uses small, electric, self-driving (mini) buses for public transport (Buics and Prayogo, 2023). It is a typical integration of autonomous driving and shared mobility. Frequently associated with electrification, OAB's operation in the real world could contribute substantially to decarbonization efforts. The transport sector has been one of the most difficult sectors to decarbonize. The urgency to reduce CO2 emissions, however, has put significant pressure on governments to adopt and implement measures and technologies to address transport emissions. The significant policy focus on electrification has seen large investments in the battery and vehicle industry, as well as the energy sector. It has also syphoned significant public funds to encourage people to shift toward electricity. However, some of these pathways remain critical for decarbonization. Creutzig et al. (2018) showed that the shift to electrification of the transport system will not be fast enough or sufficient to achieve effective reductions in CO2 emissions. Indeed, electric vehicle uptake is still low in many countries across the world despite statements that point toward the “end” of internal combustion engine vehicles. It is therefore important to extend the discussion and efforts to include all elements of the transport system, including the much-needed modal shift to public transport. OABs could act as an important public transport mode with electrification and low carbon emissions.

Topics & Concepts