In-situ structural evolution of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticle catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction
Hongbo Wang, Chongyang Tang, Bo Sun, Jiangchao Liu, Yan Xia, Wenqing Li, Changzhong Jiang, Dong He, Xiangheng Xiao
Abstract
Abstract Under the complex external reaction conditions, uncovering the true structural evolution of the catalyst is of profound significance for the establishment of relevant structure–activity relationships and the rational design of electrocatalysts. Here, the surface reconstruction of the catalyst was characterized by ex-situ methods and in-situ Raman spectroscopy in CO 2 electroreduction. The final results showed that the Bi 2 O 3 nanoparticles were transformed into Bi/Bi 2 O 3 two-dimensional thin-layer nanosheets (NSs). It is considered to be the active phase in the electrocatalytic process. The Bi/Bi 2 O 3 NSs showed good catalytic performance with a Faraday efficiency (FE) of 94.8% for formate and a current density of 26 mA cm −2 at −1.01 V. While the catalyst maintained a 90% FE in a wide potential range (−0.91 V to −1.21 V) and long-term stability (24 h). Theoretical calculations support the theory that the excellent performance originates from the enhanced bonding state of surface Bi-Bi, which stabilized the adsorption of the key intermediate OCHO* and thus promoted the production of formate.