In-depth exploration of nanoparticles for enhanced nutrient use efficiency and abiotic stresses management: Present insights and future horizons
Abhishek Singh, Aishwarya Sharma, Omkar Singh, Vishnu D. Rajput, Hasmik Movsesyan, Tatiana Minkina, Αθανάσιος Αλεξίου, Marios Papadakis, Rupesh Kumar Singh, Sakshi Singh, João Ricardo Sousa, Hassan El-Ramady, Faisal Zulfiqar, Rahul Kumar, Abdullah Ahmed Al‐Ghamdi, Karen Ghazaryan
Abstract
• Nanotechnology offers innovative approaches to enhance agricultural productivity, leveraging unique nanoparticle (NP) properties for increased yields while maintaining quality. • Nanotechnology provides eco-friendly, cost-effective solutions as alternatives to traditional fertilizers and pesticides. • Cutting-edge applications of NPs in agriculture are explored, focusing on their role as nano-fertilizers (NFs) for nutrient management and stress mitigation. • Precision Augmentation via ANT: A breakthrough technology in agricultural precision, ANT enables precise delivery of bioactive molecules and controlled release of agrochemical agents. • NFs mitigate environmental harm from traditional fertilizers by reducing nutrient surplus and enhancing nutrient utilization efficiency, promoting ecosystem health. • Despite the promise of NFs, potential risks like NP deposition on plant surfaces leading to oxidative stress symptoms are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to ensure safe and effective utilization amidst climate challenges. Nanotechnology is an innovative method of elevating agricultural output without sacrificing quality due to nanoparticles (NPs) unique characteristics and numerous potential uses. It is also nature-friendly, advantageous to living organisms, and cost-effective. Sustainable agricultural practices are gaining attention on NPs and nanofertilizers (NFs) as practical substitutes for traditional fertilizers and pesticides that nanotechnology could surpass some of the issues with traditional farming methods. There should be an emphasis on cutting-edge studies of NPs applications in agriculture. This article presents a positive perspective on the mechanisms leading to the formation of NPs and their application as NFs for managing nutrients in agriculture. We also share up-to-date findings on NPs interactions with plants, the fate of NPs and potential risks associated with them in plants. The as well as on the role of NPs nanomaterials in decreasing abiotic and heavy metal toxicity stress. NFs help reduce the environmental damage caused by traditional, inorganic fertilizers. Due to their enhanced responsiveness and ability to pierce the epidermis, NFs can decrease nutrient surplus while increasing nutrient usage efficiency. It was also established that NPs are essential for protecting against abiotic stress. However, some studies have shown that NPs are harmful to higher plants because the NPs they are deposited upon the surface of cells or in the cell organelles, leading to oxidative stress symptoms. In this review article, we explore the utilization of NPs for nutrient and abiotic stress management for crop production and protection during the climate change era.