A feasibility study of direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry for screening organic gunshot residues from various substrates

Abstract

, unburnt smokeless powder and the respective residues on spent cartridges, clothing, and hands). No false positives were observed across all datasets. A 100% true positive rate (TPR) was observed for all substrates except the shooters' hands. Depending on the ammunition type and classification criteria, the shooters' hands exhibited a TPR ranging from 19% to 73%. The results show that DART-MS is feasible and versatile for fast screening of OGSR across various substrates but may benefit from alternative approaches to improve detection at trace levels.

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