Novel experimental setup for megahertz X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL)
Hanns‐Peter Liermann, Zuzana Konôpková, Karen Appel, Clemens Prescher, Andreas Schropp, Valerio Cerantola, Rachel J. Husband, J. McHardy, M. I. McMahon, R. S. McWilliams, Charles Pépin, Jona Mainberger, Matthias Roeper, Andreas Berghäuser, H. Damker, Peter Talkovski, Manon Foese, Naresh Kujala, Orianna B. Ball, M. Baron, R. Briggs, Maxim Bykov, Elena Bykova, Julien Chantel, A. L. Coleman, Hyunchae Cynn, Dana M. Dattelbaum, Leora E. Dresselhaus‐Marais, J. H. Eggert, Lars Ehm, W.J. Evans, G. Fiquet, Mungo Frost, Konstantin Glazyrin, Alexander F. Goncharov, Huijeong Hwang, Zs. Jenei, J.-Y. Kim, F. Langenhorst, Yongjae Lee, Mikako Makita, Hauke Marquardt, E. E. McBride, Sébastien Merkel, G. Morard, Earl F. O’Bannon, Christoph Otzen, Edward J. Pace, A. Pełka, J. S. Pigott, Vitali B. Prakapenka, R. Redmer, Carmen Sanchez‐Valle, M. Schoelmerich, S. Speziale, Georg Spiekermann, Blake T. Sturtevant, S. Toleikis, Nenad Velisavljevic, Max Wilke, Choong-Shik Yoo, Carsten Baehtz, U. Zastrau, C. Strohm
Abstract
The high-precision X-ray diffraction setup for work with diamond anvil cells (DACs) in interaction chamber 2 (IC2) of the High Energy Density instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is described. This includes beamline optics, sample positioning and detector systems located in the multipurpose vacuum chamber. Concepts for pump-probe X-ray diffraction experiments in the DAC are described and their implementation demonstrated during the First User Community Assisted Commissioning experiment. X-ray heating and diffraction of Bi under pressure, obtained using 20 fs X-ray pulses at 17.8 keV and 2.2 MHz repetition, is illustrated through splitting of diffraction peaks, and interpreted employing finite element modeling of the sample chamber in the DAC.