Exploring Physiological and Biochemical Factors Governing Plant Pathogen Interaction: A Review
Rohit Chhabra, Simardeep Kaur, Lavanya Vij, Kompal Gaur
Abstract
Pathogen attack generates the stress full conditions which disrupts the host metabolic machinery causing an oxidative burst in plants and leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules are responsible for all the metabolic changes occurring in host plant and alter the DNA, carbohydrates, lipids, sugar and protein content. In this review, we have discussed the various physiological and biochemical components that assist the plant in imparting resistance and along with the role of phytohormones viz., jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and abscisic acid during plant pathogen interaction. We have also emphasized on production of ROS by stressed plants and involvement of plant growth regulators, antioxidative and non-oxidative components, sugars, pathogenesis-related proteins, secondary metabolites and lignins in providing resistance to the plants against the damaging effects of pathogens. Thus, we can conclude that this review provides the critical information on understanding various physiological and biochemical factors that assist the plants in adapting under stressed conditions.