The potential for antibody-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Translational implications for vaccine development
Jiong Wang, Martin S. Zand
Abstract
Abstract There is an urgent need for vaccines to the 2019 coronavirus (COVID19; SARS-CoV-2). Vaccine development may not be straightforward, due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Antibodies against viral surface proteins can, in some cases, increase infection severity by ADE. This phenomenon occurs in SARS-CoV-1, MERS, HIV, Zika, and dengue virus infection and vaccination. Lack of high-affinity anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in children may explain the decreased severity of infection in these groups. Here, we discuss the evidence for ADE in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and how to address this potential translational barrier to vaccine development, convalescent plasma, and targeted monoclonal antibody therapies.
Topics & Concepts
Antibody-dependent enhancementVirologyAntibodyContext (archaeology)Dengue feverMonoclonal antibodyVaccinationSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Dengue virusImmunologyDengue vaccineMedicineVirusCoronavirusCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)BiologyInfectious disease (medical specialty)DiseasePathologyPaleontologySARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchAnimal Virus Infections StudiesRespiratory viral infections research