Environmental remediation promoted by silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by eucalyptus leaves extract
Verónica Rocha, Pedro Ferreira‐Santos, Zlatina Genisheva, Eduardo Coelho, Isabel C. Neves, Teresa Tavares
Abstract
A simple and low-cost green synthesis method was optimized to prepare stable silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using aqueous Eucalyptus globulus leaves extract. This green method allows to obtain AgNP with spherical morphology and variable size around 25 nm, and it is dependent of the reaction temperature and concentration of the plant extract. AgNP stability was followed during 3 months by zeta potential measurements and a negative zeta range from −30.7 to −33.6 was determined. Biogenic-stabilized AgNP exhibited dual-functional properties as effective in environmental remediation with bacterial growth inhibition and dye photodegradation. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were tested for antibacterial activity, and considerable inhibitory activity was found. High photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine (IC) dye was performed in the presence of the AgNP as catalysts under sunlight irradiation. The degradation efficiency after 2 h of reaction was 37 %, 83 % and 98 % in the presence of UV light, visible light and sunlight irradiation, respectively. The germination of corn kernels test was used to determine the toxicity of the treated IC solutions and the results showed low toxicity after the photodegradation process.