A Review on Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> into C<sub>2+</sub> Products: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
Hongtao Dang, Bin Guan, Lei Zhu, Junyan Chen, Zhongqi Zhuang, Zeren Ma, Xuehan Hu, Chenyu Zhu, Sikai Zhao, Kaiyou Shu, Junjie Gao, Luyang Zhang, Tiankui Zhu, Zhen Huang
Abstract
The collection of CO 2 and its subsequent transformation into valuable compounds have drawn increased global attention in recent decades. It is commonly recognized that the final product of every combustion process, whether biological or chemical, is CO 2, a fully oxidized, thermodynamically stable, and chemically inert molecule. Owing to the chemical inertness of CO 2, it adsorbs and reacts slowly on catalyst surfaces and has a poor capacity to form chains. It also makes it simpler to produce C 1 compounds and more challenging to produce products that are higher than C 2 . Many scientific research teams have focused on CO 2 hydrogenation to prepare C 1 chemical feedstocks (such as CH 4, CH 3 OH, CO, HCOOH, etc.), and significant progress has been made. However, from the point of view of economic value, the synthesis of higher-order multicarbon products (C 2+ ) is preferable to that of C 1 products due to their higher energy density and broader applicability. Considering the rapid development of catalytic reduction of CO 2 into C 2+ products, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding and timely, appropriate summary of these technologies. Therefore, this review aims to present a comprehensive and critical review of the research status and development trend of catalytic reduction of CO 2 into C 2+ products.