Star-shaped porous nitrogen-doped metal-organic framework carbon as an electrochemical platform for sensitive determination of Cd(II) in environmental and tobacco samples
Ruihua Huang, Ke Zhang, Haowei Sun, Dafeng Zhang, Jian Zhu, Shuxing Zhou, Wenyan Li, Yongtao Li, Chunqiong Wang, Xiuxiu Jia, Thomas Wågberg, Guangzhi Hu
Abstract
In this study, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) were first assembled via the chemical co-precipitation, and high-quality carbon-based metal-free nanomaterials were synthesized using a heat-treatment process. The internal and morphological characteristics of hexagonal Star ZIF-8 were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical sensor with a good response to Cd(II) was prepared via square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) with Star ZIF-8 nanomaterial-modified glassy carbon electrodes. The main parameters were adjusted to obtain the optimal stripping response and a wide linear range. Concurrently, under the calculation of SWASV, the sensitivity of Star ZIF-8-Nafion/GCE to Cd(II) was increased by five orders of magnitude (0.5-230 μg/L), and the determination level was even low to 0.48 μg/L. Based on the high anti-interference ability and stability of the sensor, the application potential of Star ZIF-8 carbon-based metal-free nanomaterials for the detection of trace Cd(II) in was confirmed.