Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites
Hao Guo, Wei-Chun Chou, Yunjia Lai, Kaixin Liang, Jason W. Tam, W. June Brickey, Liang Chen, Nathan D. Montgomery, Xin Li, Lauren Bohannon, Anthony D. Sung, Nelson J. Chao, Jonathan U. Peled, Antonio L. C. Gomes, Marcel R.M. van den Brink, Matthew J. French, Andrew N. Macintyre, Gregory D. Sempowski, Xianming Tan, R. Balfour Sartor, Kun Lü, Jenny P.‐Y. Ting
Abstract
Radioprotective bacteria A common symptom of radiation treatment for cancer is gastrointestinal disruption. The damage caused can become so severe and debilitating that it interrupts treatment. Guo et al. noticed that mice surviving experimental radiation exposure had distinctive taxonomic representation in their gut microbiota. A similar correlation was also observed in a small group of human subjects. Further experiments in mice revealed that some strains of bacteria produced high levels of short-chain fatty acids, which seemed to be dampening inflammatory responses and alleviating the damage caused by reactive oxygen species released by the radiation. A metabolomics analysis also implicated a role for tryptophan metabolic pathways in radiation survivorship. Science , this issue p. eaay9097