Examining Rural–Urban Differences in Fatalism and Information Overload: Data from 12 NCI-Designated Cancer Centers
Jakob D. Jensen, Jackilen Shannon, Ronaldo Iachan, Yangyang Deng, Sunny Jung Kim, Wendy Demark‐Wahnefried, Babalola Faseru, Electra D. Paskett, Jinxiang Hu, Robin C. Vanderpool, DeAnn Lazovich, Jason A. Mendoza, Sanjay Shete, Linda Robertson, Rajesh Balkrishnan, Katherine J. Briant, Benjamin Haaland, David A. Haggstrom, Bernard F. Fuemmeler
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rural populations experience a disproportionate cancer burden relative to urban populations. One possibility is that rural populations are more likely to hold counterproductive cancer beliefs such as fatalism and information overload that undermine prevention and screening behaviors. METHODS: = 6,541). All participants were 18 and older (M = 56.97, SD = 16.55), predominately non-Hispanic White (81%), and female (57%). Participants completed three items measuring cancer fatalism ("It seems like everything causes cancer," "There's not much you can do to lower your chances of getting cancer," and "When I think about cancer, I automatically think about death") and one item measuring cancer information overload ("There are so many different recommendations about preventing cancer, it's hard to know which ones to follow"). RESULTS: Compared with urban residents, rural residents were more likely to believe that (i) everything causes cancer (OR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.17-1.43); (ii) prevention is not possible (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.19-1.51); and (iii) there are too many different recommendations about cancer prevention (OR = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.13-1.41), and cancer is always fatal (OR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11-1.33). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with their urban counterparts, rural populations exhibited higher levels of cancer fatalism and cancer information overload. IMPACT: Future interventions targeting rural populations should account for higher levels of fatalism and information overload.