Vitamin D status in Mexican children 1 to 11 years of age: an update from the Ensanut 2018-19
Mario Flores, Marta Rivera-Pasquel, Andrys Valdez-Sánchez, Vanessa De la Cruz‐Góngora, Alejandra Contreras‐Manzano, Teresa Shamah‐Levy, Salvador Villalpando
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate vitamin D status and deficiency in Mexican children and related factors, with updated data from a representative national survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data and serum samples of child participants were collected in the Ensanut 2018-19. The measurement 25-(OH)-D was obtained through chemiluminescence. Height and weight, as well as dietary information, were measured using a semi-quan-titative food frequency questionnaire and sociodemographic information. RESULTS: Data of 4 691 children aged 1-11 years were analyzed. Vitamin D deficiency (25-OH-D<50 nmol/L) was found in 27.3% of pre-school-age children and 17.2% of school-age children, and was positively associated with the body mass index (BMI). Main dietary sources were milk, eggs and dairy products, which in combination provided >70% of vitamin D intake. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is important in Mexican children. Actions and programs to fight this deficiency are required.