Pesticides degradation by immobilised microorganisms
Victoria Conde-Ávila, Luis Daniel Ortega Martínez, Octavio Loera, Elie Girgis El-Kassis, Jorge García-Dávila, Carmen Valenzuela, Beatriz Pérez‐Armendáriz
Abstract
Cellular immobilisation (CI) is a method characterised by restricting the cells to a delimited area while preserving their metabolic, catabolic, and catalytic activities Biodegradation of contaminants is one of the potential applications of CI. Immobilised cells can achieve to degrade the degradation of toxic substances with higher efficiency than cells in a free state. free cells. The aim of this work was to compile the most important aspects of CI as a strategy for the degradation of pesticides. We discuss the main targeted chemical substances, the used microorganisms, materials, and techniques, as well as their advantages, and limitations We highlight increases in the percentage of degradation, greater stability, protection, and tolerance to pesticides when a CI strategy is implemented. Finally, the requirements for deepening our understanding of the involved kinetic, molecular, and transfer processes are discussed, particularly for their application in situ