Comparison of the effectiveness of Martin’s equation, Friedewald’s equation, and a Novel equation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol estimation
Youhyun Song, Hye Sun Lee, Su Jung Baik, Soyoung Jeon, Donghee Han, Su‐Yeon Choi, Eun Ju Chun, Hae‐Won Han, Sung Hak Park, Jidong Sung, Hae Ok Jung, Ji‐Won Lee, Hyuk‐Jae Chang
Abstract
Abstract Low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the main target in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We aimed to validate and compare a new LDL-C estimation equation with other well-known equations. 177,111 samples were analysed from two contemporary population-based cohorts comprising asymptomatic Korean adults who underwent medical examinations. Performances of the Friedewald (FLDL), Martin (MLDL), and Sampson (SLDL) equations in estimating direct LDL-C by homogenous assay were assessed by measures of concordance (R 2 , RMSE, and mean absolute difference). Analyses were performed according to various triglyceride (TG) and/or LDL-C strata. Secondary analyses were conducted within dyslipidaemia populations of each database. MLDL was superior or at least similar to other equations regardless of TG/LDL-C, in both the general and dyslipidaemia populations (RMSE = 11.45/9.20 mg/dL; R 2 = 0.88/0.91; vs FLDL: RMSE = 13.66/10.42 mg/dL; R 2 = 0.82/0.89; vs SLDL: RMSE = 12.36/9.39 mg/dL; R 2 = 0.85/0.91, per Gangnam Severance Hospital Check-up/Korea Initiatives on Coronary Artery Calcification data). MLDL had a slight advantage over SLDL with the lowest MADs across the full spectrum of TG levels, whether divided into severe hyper/non-hyper to moderate hypertriglyceridaemia samples or stratified by 100-mg/dL TG intervals, even up to TG values of 500–600 mg/dL. MLDL may be a readily adoptable and cost-effective alternative to direct LDL-C measurement, irrespective of dyslipidaemia status. In populations with relatively high prevalence of mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridaemia, Martin’s equation may be optimal for LDL-C and ASCVD risk estimation.