Advanced nanomaterials utilized as top transparent electrodes in semi-transparent photovoltaic
Manjeet Singh, Sravendra Rana, Ashish Kumar Singh
Abstract
Due to its feasible applications as building integrated photovoltaic, glass windows, wearable electronics, windscreen of automobiles, the semi-transparent solar cells (STSCs) are believed to have bright future to fulfil the demand of renewable and sustainable energy. High quality top transparent electrodes (TTEs) are required for the fabrication of efficient organic and perovskite semi-transparent solar cells. In this paper, we explore and summarize recently applied advanced nanomaterials such as metal thin films, silver nanowires, polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphene and transparent conducting oxides as TTEs in the fabrication of organic and perovskite STSCs. The detail discussion, on the strategies to be adopted towards integration of TTEs to achieve desired average visible transmittance of the STSCs, is provided. At the end, along with conclusion, future perspectives to improve the quality of transparent electrode are outlined.