Multi-core fiber integrated multi-port beam splitters for quantum information processing
Jaime Cariñe, Gustavo Cañas, Paul Skrzypczyk, Ivan Šupić, Nayda Guerrero, Tania García, L. Pereira, M. A. Solís-Prosser, Guilherme B. Xavier, A. Delgado, S. P. Walborn, Daniel Cavalcanti, G. Lima
Abstract
Multi-port beam splitters are cornerstone devices for high-dimensional quantum information tasks, which can outperform the two-dimensional ones. Nonetheless, the fabrication of such devices has proven to be challenging with progress only recently achieved with the advent of integrated photonics. Here, we report on the production of high-quality <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:math> (with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7</mml:mn> </mml:math> ) multi-port beam splitters based on a new scheme for manipulating multi-core optical fibers. By exploring their compatibility with optical fiber components, we create four-dimensional quantum systems and implement the measurement-device-independent random number generation task with a programmable four-arm interferometer operating at a 2 MHz repetition rate. Due to the high visibilities observed, we surpass the one-bit limit of binary protocols and attain 1.23 bits of certified private randomness per experimental round. Our result demonstrates that fast switching, low loss, and high optical quality for high-dimensional quantum information can be simultaneously achieved with multi-core fiber technology.