Advancement in soil stabilisation process by utilising fly ash-red mud geopolymer: a comprehensive review
Rohit Raj, Brahmdeo Yadav, Jitendra Singh Yadav, Sumit Kumar
Abstract
The utilization of industrial wastes for soil stabilization and building provides significant cost savings, environmental advantages, and social enhancements. Geopolymers, amorphous alkali-activated binders, serve as a viable and sustainable substitute for conventional Portland cement, diminishing carbon dioxide emissions and improving environmental efficacy. This review examines the function of fly ash-red mud geopolymers in improving soil strength and durability, while providing an eco-friendly alternative to conventional stabilizers. This research investigates the combined impacts of fly ash and red mud on soil stabilization, in contrast to previous studies that utilized separate precursors. The research examines chemical reactions and mechanisms in geopolymerization, the formulation of geopolymers, their interaction with distinct soil types, effects on soil strength and durability under diverse loading and environmental circumstances. Case studies are examined to demonstrate the practical applications of fly ash-red mud geopolymer and their efficacy in actual geotechnical projects. The analysis also emphasizes the environmental and economic benefits relative to conventional soil stabilization methods and cites significant obstacles and research deficiencies. Future research directions are outlined to enhance the utilization of sustainable geopolymer technology in soil stabilization. Current assessments hardly consider this dual-use methodology, generally concentrating on fly ash or red mud independently. This review uniquely synthesizes the combined effects on soil behavior, chemical interactions, and engineering performances.