Microplasma-induced in situ rapid synthesis of CoSe nanosphere@N-doped polymeric carbon dots derived from ZIF-67 for highly sensitive dopamine detection
Lin Zhang, Junchun Guo, Ming Yuan, Yao Xu, Ziyu Pu, Chao Tan, Qian Wang, Xiaoli Xiong
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Designing a fast and sensitive electrochemical sensing platform to achieve selective quantitative detection of dopamine (DA) is a great challenge. Combining transition metal selenides (TMSs) with a variety of conductive carbonaceous materials is one of the effective strategies to improve the electrocatalytic activity of TMSs. However, most of the reported preparation methods of TMSs/carbon-based composite nanomaterials need to be annealed at a high temperature for a long time, which does not meet the requirements of sustainable development. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore an energy-efficient and fast method to prepare these compounds. RESULTS: In this work, CoSe nanosphere@nitrogen-doped polymeric carbon dots are rapid prepared using ZIF precursor by simple dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) microplasma-induced on carbon cloth (CoSe NSs@N-PCDs/CC) for the first time. Owing to the fact that CoSe can promote rapid proton transfer, N-CDs has a high specific surface area, rich functional groups and electrical conductivity, this electrode exhibits highly sensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing performance for DA detection. The linear range and detection limit are 0.1 μM-50 μM and 40.2 nM, respectively, and it have been successfully applied to the determination of DA levels in real human serum samples. Theoretical DFT calculations show that the most efficient interaction with DA on the surface of CoSe (101) can promote electrochemical reactions and catalyze DA oxidation. SIGNIFICANCE: Using ZIF as precursor, CoSe NSs@N-PCDs/CC electrochemical electrode was synthesized in situ by simple and energy-saving DBD microplasma. CoSe NSs can effectively prevent the aggregation of function-rich N-PCDs and significantly improve the electrocatalytic activity of the composite. The mechanism of high selectivity of CoSe NSs@N-PCDs/CC electrode to DA was studied by DFT calculation. This work provides a new idea for the fast and green synthesis of transition metal and carbon-based nanomaterials by microplasma.