A Joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT Analysis of Gravitational-wave Candidates from the Third Gravitational-wave Observing Run
C. Fletcher, J. Wood, R. Hamburg, P. Vereš, C. M. Hui, E. Bissaldi, M. S. Briggs, Eric Burns, W. H. Cleveland, M. M. Giles, A. Goldstein, Boyan A. Hristov, D. Kocevski, S. Lesage, B. Mailyan, Christian Malacaria, S. Poolakkil, A. von Kienlin, C. Wilson‐Hodge, Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor Team, M. Crnogorčević, James DeLaunay, A. Tohuvavohu, R. Caputo, S. B. Cenko, Sibasish Laha, Tyler Parsotan, R. Abbott, Haruka Abe, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, N. Adhikari, R. X. Adhikari, V. K. Adkins, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, D. Agarwal, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, T. Akutsu, Simone Albanesi, R. A. Alfaidi, A. Allocca, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, C. Anand, Shreya Anand, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, Masaki Ando, Tomás Andrade, N. Andres, M. Andrés‐Carcasona, T. Andrić, S. V. Angelova, S. Ansoldi, Javier M. Antelis, S. Antier, T. Apostolatos, E. Z. Appavuravther, S. Appert, S. K. Apple, K. Arai, A. Araya, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Aritomi, N. Arnaud, M. Arogeti, S. M. Aronson, K. G. Arun, Hideki Asada, Y. Asali, G. Ashton, Y. Aso, M. Assiduo, S. Assis de Souza Melo, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, S. Babak, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, C. Badger, S. Bae, Y. Bae, A. M. Baer, S. Bagnasco, Y. Bai, J. Baird, R. Bajpai
Abstract
Abstract We present Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (Fermi-GBM) and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT) searches for gamma-ray/X-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) candidate events identified during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Using Fermi-GBM onboard triggers and subthreshold gamma-ray burst (GRB) candidates found in the Fermi-GBM ground analyses, the Targeted Search and the Untargeted Search, we investigate whether there are any coincident GRBs associated with the GWs. We also search the Swift-BAT rate data around the GW times to determine whether a GRB counterpart is present. No counterparts are found. Using both the Fermi-GBM Targeted Search and the Swift-BAT search, we calculate flux upper limits and present joint upper limits on the gamma-ray luminosity of each GW. Given these limits, we constrain theoretical models for the emission of gamma rays from binary black hole mergers.